Electric telegraph



(NoModeL) 10 Sheets-Sheet 1.- W. H.-'O()OLEY.

ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.

PatentedDec. 24, 1895.

AN DREW B.GRAHAM. PNOTOLETNU-WASHINGTON. D C.

(No Model.) 7 1 10 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. H. GOOLEY. I ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.

Patented Dec 24, 1895,

No Model.) 10 Sheets-Sheet 3.

W. H. OOOLEY.

ELEGTRIG TELEGRAPH.

No. 551,948. Patented Dec. 24, 1895.

M. PNOTUUTHQWASMINEK'MD C (No Model.) I 10 Sheets-Sheet 4.

W. H. OOOLEY. ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.

N0.551,948. PatentedDec.24, 1895.

AN DREW BORMIAM. HOTO-LmlD.WASHINGTDK DC 1N0 Model.) 10 Sheets-Sheet 5.

W. H. COOLEY. ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.

No. 551,948. Patented D60. 24,1895

v B igid A2 (No Model.) 10 sheet-s sheet' a.

-W. H. OOOLEY. ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.

.No. 551,948. Patented Dec. 24 1895 (No Model.) 10 Sheets-Sheet 7, W. H. GOOLEY.

ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH. No. 551,948. PatentedDeo. 24, 1895.

ANIJREW BYGRANAMY Puma-mo. WASHINGTON D C 10 SheetsShe'et 8.

Patented Dec. 24, 1895.

W; H. GOOLBY. ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.

(No Model.)

AFDREW B.GRAHA 1o Sheets-Sheet 9.

(No Model.) I

W. H. OOOLEY.

ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.

No. 551,948 Patented Dec. 24,1895.

(No Model.) v 10 Sheets-Sheet 10.

' W. H. OOOLEY.

ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.

No. 551,948. Patented Dec. 24, 1895 NITED STATES XVILLIAM H. COOLEY, OF BROCKPORT, NEW" YORK.

ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 551,948, dated December 24, 1895.

Application filed April 18, 1893. Serial No. 170,899- (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM H. CooLEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brockport, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Telegraphs, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to provide a direct type-printing telegraph adapted either to automatic or to key transmission without change and to dispense, except in cases of synchronous multiplexing of the work, with all synchronous or step-by-step movements and sunflower distributers and revolving parts, and also the movement of heavy parts in the receiving-printer, such as the carriage or keyboard or similarheavy parts in type-printing telegraphs when operated by shiftingkeys or their equivalents, and that too while still employing the equivalent of shift-keys in a type-writer, so as to reduce to the minimum the number of type-bars and the work of selecting them.

Another object of my invention. is the lengthening of the time allowed at the receiving-station for the printing of a character,

without diminishing the speed of transmission and receiving.

A further object is to provide an automatic switching device for a central station adapted to use in connection with my automatic receiving-current distributer and to be operated from a transmitting-key.

A still further object is to provide an apparatus for synchronously multiplexing the work of my system calling for the construction of a special synchronizing apparatus.

Other objects and features of my invention will be hereinafter explained.

For the sake of perspicuity and brevity I shall show and describe herein only such portions of a telegraphic system embodying my improvements as is necessary to illustrate the same, reference being made to the accompanyin g drawings, in which Figure 1 shows in side view two of my transmitting-keys and also my automatic transmitting apparatus with' the circuit connections for the same and also for such keys indicated in diagram. In the figure also are seen in partial vertical section my perforating-punches.

Fig. 1*" shows an end View of the roller L of Fig. 1. Fig. 1 shows in enlarged face view the contact-pieces opposed to my transmitting-keys, and indicates the circuit connections for each of such contact-pieces, while in the extreme right in this figure is seen in detached position the contactpieces opposed to the seventh and eighth keys with the circuit connections therefor more fully indicated. Fig. 1 shows in top or plan View my perforatingpunches and the rods m and m and their connecting-plates M, while Fig 1 shows a top view of bed-piece L and the holes therein opposed to the perforating-punches. Figs. 2 and 3 show slightly-different modifications of my receivingcurrent distributer and connections, largely in diagram, while Figs. 4 and 5 show in similar diagrams similar modifications of my selecting device for directing the current of the local-printin g battery to the proper type-bar-actuating devices and to the proper shifting devices and the connections therefor. Fig. 6 shows in side view one of my branch relays used in making such selections. Fig. 7 shows-partly in vertical section my automatic switch-lever or bar-controlling device with some parts thereof removed for the sake of perspicuity, while Fig. 8 shows a partial plan view of the same; and Fig. 9 shows in diagram the circuit connections used in and with my switching device, showing sixteen subscribers circuits in an e11- larged view from that seen in Fig. 18. Fig. 10 shows in elevation one of my printing or type bars with its connections and the means for operating the same. Fig. 11 shows in partial top view the inking-pad; and Fig. 12 shows in partial outline plan View the type bars to my printer, illustrating their arrangement. Figs. 13, 14, 15, 16, and 17 show details in the construction and circuit connections of my synchronizing apparatus for multiplexing my system, as will be explained. Fig. 18 shows partly in plan and side view diagram a central station and the connections therefor when equipped with my switching apparatus.

Similar letters and numeralsrefer to similarparts throughout the several figures.

Referring to Fig. 1, M M are metallic keybars articulating upon metallic rod m, and having secured upon their free ends springcatches m arranged to catch and hold,as seen,

the trailer-springs m making contact successively with the contact-pieces m, 071 m and m, thoroughly insulated from each other in the manner indicated by quite thick strips of insulating material. Of course it will be understood that each key-bar with its trailerspring has opposed thereto a separate and diiferen't series of contact-pieces insulated from the series on either side of it, except, first, in cases where two or more adjacent contact-pieces of the same letter make the same connection with battery M B, and, second, in case of that horizontal row of contacts, all of the same letter, used to control the shifting device, and in this case these contacts may all consist of one strip connected to a switch making battery connections, such as and in the manner indicated in side view in the case of any one of contact-pieces m, m m and m in Fig. 1 showin gthe spacer-key by which, by the changes hereinafter described being made in the switches, my automatic switching devices are controlled. Any keyon being depressed from the position M to the position M makes electric connection between rod m and contact-pieces m, m m and m successively, and upon reaching the position M trailer W has when striking fixed rod m been pushed to the right and caused to engage spring-catch m and immediately upon the release of the key it is by means of any suitable spring, as m caused to return to the position indicated, M, whereupon, springcatch at being depressed by fixed rod on, it is disengaged from trailer on, allowing the same to return to its normal position ready for the next depression of the key and in contact with the thick insulating-strip indicated at the top of the series of contact-pieces.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 1", I will now describe the circuit connections made with the contact-pieces of my spacer-key. Dotted portions of lines 12 and 13, as seen in Fig. 1, connect opposite sides of battery M B, respectively, with contact-pieces m m and m m while the neutral point of this battery M B is connected by wire 11 with one end of the primary of the induction-coil L, having its secondary in the main line and the other end of its primary connected by wire with red m. Thereby it will be seen that the depression of the spacer-key sends to line M L four alternating induced currents or impulses from the secondary of induction-coil L.

I will now describe the battery connections made with the contact-pieces for one of the other keys. Wires 14c and 15 are connected to contactpieces m and m and wires 17 and 18 with contact-pieces m and m, respectively. \Vires 14 and 15 are connected with battery M B at different points on one side of the neutral point thereof, while wires 17 and 18 are similarly connected at different points on the other side of this neutral point, from which in turn wire 16 leads to ground. Thus it will be seen the depression of that key opposed to such contaet-pieces sends to line alternating impulses varying in strength also from battery M B. Each key beside the spacerkey has a different arrangement of battery connections for its contact-pieces, such that each key will send one or more battery impulses,positive or negative, or weak or strong, as desired. At each end of the rod 012 is secured a heavy metallic and L-shaped bar M, connected at their outer ends by the metallic rod on", coming just under the key-bars h M &c., when each of such key-bars is held up and in its normal position bymeans of springs m as shown. Each key-bar as it is depressed carries with it the rod on, which is kept in a horizontal position by means of its rigid connection with the heavy bars M, and to this red in is secured, in any suitable manner, such one of keys M M &c., as it is desired to use for the spacerkey, and having connections made therefor with its contact-pieces, such as already described. Thus it will be seen that the spacer-key may be depressed alone, sending only induced impulses to line alternating in kind, and that each other key when depressed carries with it the spacer-key, and also sending to line one or more battery impulses synchronizing and h armonizi'n g with such induced impulses.

In Fig. 1 there is shown in plan view bars M, rods m and in, and also the E-shaped plates or bars Z Z Z to Z carrying my perforating-punches, and also the similar punchbars 2, e 2 and e.

For a clearer explanation of my transmitting-keyboard and the circuit connections therefor reference is made to Fig. 1", which shows in the body of the figure twenty-eight vertically-arranged series of contact-pieces m m m m, arranged, as seen, in four horizontal rows. All those from the secondto the twenty-sixth, inclusiy'e, in the rows m, m and m are (some one or more of them) connected to battery M B, those in rows m and m at the left-hand side, which we will call for convenience the positive side, and all those in the row m to the negative or righthand side-that is, all those marked S are arranged to send a strong and all those marked W" a weaker current to line from battery M B, while those unmarked and left blank are connected to wire 16 leading to ground. This is more clearly indicated in the case of the seventh and eighth vertical series opposed to the seventh and eighth keys. (Shown with their connections in detached position to the extreme right in this figure.) The lower row of contacts m for keys 2 to 26, inclusive, consists of a single continuous piece, as shown, connected to a switch S (Seen in the drawings on its central contact connected through wire 16 to ground.)

The switch S which is essentially a representation in diagram of my shift-key, may be moved to its left or right hand contact so connected, as seen, with battery M B as to send respectively weak or stronger currents or impulses from battery M B to line and negative in kind. Thus it will be seen that any battery impulse sent by any key from any contact-piece in the first and third rows m and m will be a positive impulse and any battery impulse sent by any key from any contact-piece in the second and fourth rows m and or will be a negative impulse.

Very obviously any desired one of the rows of contact-pieces m m m m for keys 2 to 26, inclusive, can be made continuous and connected with switch 8; but the lower one is selected for convenience in the drawings.

As already before said, all of the keys carry with them a spacer-key, and for convenience I prefer to oppose to such spacer-key the twenty eighth vertical series of contactpieces, the first, second, third, and fourth of which are respectively connected with switches S S S and 8. (All seen in the drawings on their central contacts.) All of these central contacts are double, each consisting of two semicircular contacts insulated from each other and having their right-hand sections all connected, as indicated, through wire 16 to ground, while the left-hand sections of these central contacts for switches S and S are connected through wire 12 to the left-hand side of battery M B and the left-hand sections of the central contacts for switches S and S are connected through wire 13 to the right-hand side of battery M B, from the neutral point of which wire 11 makes connection, as already described. Hence the depression of the spacer-key opposed to the twenty eighth vertical series of contactpieces sends to line four alternating induced impulses or currents in the manner already described, and such spacer-key by means of its connection with rod m is always depressed by the operation of any other key, whereby it will be seen that each key sends to line four alternating induced impulses, and harmonizing and synchronizing therewith one or more battery impulses, strong or weak, as desired, and according to the connections of the contact-pieces opposed to each of such keys.

Switches S S S S may be dispensed with and the spacer-key contacts connected directly with and only with the battery M B, as indicated in Fig. 1. I11 this case, then, I make use of an additional series of spacerkey contacts, being the first series shown to the extreme left in Fig. 1*, each connected through wire 16 to ground, as seen, and opposed to this series of contact-pieces, in this case, I locate a key similar to any of the others and disconnected from rod m". This key, it will be seen, sends no battery-currents to line, but only induced currents through its operation of the already-described spaeer-key. This key, it will be further seen, forms at its successive contacts a ground connection for the induced impulses sent from the spacer-key, traversing rod on and this key and its contacts and their connections in reaching the ground at the sending-station. A similar ground connection is similarly formed by the unmarked contact-pieces of the other twenty-six keys connected through wire 16 to ground, while when a battery-impulse is sent to line the ground connection is made through some part of battery M B. In place of this arrangement a permanent ground connection may be supplied through a rheostat T, as seen in Fig. 1, properly adjusted and used in the manner already well known in the art and located as seen in the drawings and connected with wire 19 and through wire 1(3'to ground. Articulating also upon this rod m are seen eight E-shaped bars'loosely nested within each other so as to be capable of independent motion, and with their central members or portions opposed to the keybars M M &c., so as to be struck by such key-bars when near the bottom of their course. The central members or portions of these E- shaped bars 6 Z to Z are shown in vertical section and have projecting downward from each a perforatin g-punch, as seen, arranged to perforate the ribbon L by passing therethrough and into holes thereforin bed-piece L opposed to such perforating-punches, and over which ribbon L is caused, by means of any suitable mechanism not shown, to pass, advancing at each perforation of a character a longitudinal space or distance covered by the perforations representing acharacter. Four of these perforatingpunches extend straight downward, while the other four are curved so as to come in the same longitudinal lines in ribbon L with those extending straight downward. Each of these bars Z Z Z to Z is returned to and held in its normal position by means of a spring m Each of the key-bars M M 850. is differently notched out on the under side, as indicated, so as to operate no one of the punches or any one or any combination of two, three or four at a time, except that no two adjacent ones in the same line transversely of ribbon L shall be operated from the same keys. These perforations thus produced in ribbon L are, as seen, located alternately upon one side and the other of the longitudinal row of centrally-arranged smaller perforations in ribbon L arranged to engage the carrying-pins Z on metallic roller L (seen also in end view in Fig. 1) as the same is caused to revolve in any suitable manner, (not shown,) thus advancing ribbon L. This roller L has projecting from either end thereof contact-pins l alternating in position and arranged, as seen, to engage alternating contact-springs Z and Z connected respectively by means of wires 12 and 13 with battery M B on opposite sides thereof. As noticed these contact-springs are arranged to make contact with alternating contact-pins Z synchronously with the contact of needles 1, Z Z and through perforations therefor in ribbon L and roller L that is, when such perforations occur. Spring Z bearing on shaft L of roller L is connected by wires 19 and 10 with the primary of coil L, and also through the secondary thereof with main line IIO BI L. Contact-needles Z, Z Z, and Z make respectively by means of wires 14, 15, 17, and 18 such connection with battery M B as already described in regard to contact-pieces m, m m, and on, and thereby producing, as will be readily understood, the same transmitting-impulses from battery M B when these contact-needles come in contact with roller L through perforations in ribbon L. Each transmitted character to consist, of course, of from one to four of the larger perforations in ribbon L, all corresponding in position longitudinally on ribbon L, as seen, with the smaller perforations in the central longitudinal row,while for operating a spacerkey none of these larger perforations are used.

A series of four perforating punch-bars .2", .2 z, and .2 as seen, is located within the series of plates Z Z Z 850., except that their end sections form, so far as they go, four of the separating-washers between the bars I Z F, &c., where they articulate on rod in. Each of these bars .2, 2 2 and is also E-shaped and has extending outward to the left from a point near the center of the central member of each a perforating-punch extending downward also and arranged to enter holes therefor in the extreme right-hand edge of bedpiece L (Seen also in. top view in Fig. l.) The punch formed on bar passes through a vertical slot therefor in bar 2, and in the same way the punches formed on bars .2 and .2 pass through vertical slots therefor in bars 2, 2*, ant z in a manner so as to allow any one of such punches to be operated singly. The transmitting-keys M M 850., are so notched out on their under sides with reference to those punch-bars that when no perforation is formed opposite one of the central smaller perforations in ribbon L then one of these punches z, .2 2' or .2 shall be brought into operation, making a perforation transversely opposite to such central smaller perforation and at the extreme right-hand edge of the ribbon L; and opposed to such perforations so formed there is located the contact-needle Z connected through wire 16 to ground and performing the same office in the automatic transmission, as will be readily understood, that the connections made through wire 16 between the unmarked contact-pieces m, m m and m and the ground, as seen and indicated in Fig. 1 This arrangement, however, maybe dispensed with and the rheostat T or its equivalent used in place thereof in the manner already described. Springs m are used to return to and hold in their nor mal positions the punch-bars z, .2 .2 and Thus it will be seen that by automatic transmission by perforated ribbon L there are sent to line four alternating induced impulses and one or more battery impulses harmonizing and synchronizing therewith, these battery impulses being weak or strong, as already indicated and described. These induced impulses I use to operate and make certain that at the time of each battery impulse, whether sent or not, there shall be sent to line an impulse which shall operate only a relay c011- trolling my autom atic current-distributer and also, when desired, another portion of my re ceivin g apparatus,while the battery impulses of different strength are caused to operate other parts of my receiving apparatus, as will be explainedthat is, I prefer to energize the actuating-coils'of my receiving currentdistributer from an electric circuit controlled by a main-line relay actuated by high-tension impulses, while at the same time, when so desired, such high-tension impulses may be used to actuate other parts of my receiving apparatus, as shown, although I do not limit myself to the use of such high-tension impulses for actuating the relay controlling my distributer.

Referring to Figs. 2 and 3, which show my automatic current-distributer, M L represents the main. line at the receiving-station going to ground, as indicated, afterpassing through the coils of relays I J K. These relays, like several others which I prefer to make use of in my receiving apparatus, are polarized relays, as indicated, having each two armatures each trunnioned in a separate permanent magnet. The armatures of each relay, as well as all parts with which they come in electric contact, are insulated from each other in any suitable manner, (not shown;) but in other respects these relays are of substantially the usual construction. It will of course be understood that either armature of each relay can be adjusted to respond to impulses only positive or negative in kind, and that, too, independently of the adjustment of the other armature of the same relay. Armatu res t' and t" of relay I have each a bias tending to return them normally to the position shown in the drawings.

In my automatic current-distributer I make use of similar relays A B O to H, having armatures a b c to h and a b c to 7i, respectively,and having each a neutral adjustment and working contacts on the left-hand sides thereof only, as shown. The actuating-coils of these relays are connected together in the following manner, viz: in circuit 21 and in series therein the right-hand coil of relay A, left-hand coil of relay C, secondary of induction-coil A, and any suitable receiving-coil A in circuit 22 in the same way right-hand coil of relay l3, left-hand coil of relay D, secondary of coil B, and any receiving-coil in circuit 23 righthand coil of relay C, left-hand coil of relay A, secondary of coil C, and any receiving-coil C, and in circuit 2 f right-hand coil of relay D, left-hand coil of relay 3, secondary of coil D, and any receiving-coil D. By a f urther reference to Fig. 3 and the plan of lettering adopted therein it will be seen that this system of connections is used with the other relays E, F, G and II.

Referring to Fig. 2 and starting with the several parts in the positions indicated in the drawings, the first main-line impulse, say a IIO IIS

positive one, throws armature 2' to the lefthand contact, causing current of battery L B, having its terminals, as seen, connected with the trunnions of armatures t' and t", to pass through wire 8, primary of induction-coil A, armature a, wire 1 connected with the trunnion thereof, and armature 2" back to battery L B, thus inducing in the secondary of coil A an impulse tending to hold more strongly in their present positions armatures a a c c. The immediately succeeding negative impulse on the main line throws armature 1' back to its right-hand contact and also armature i over to its right-hand contact, shutting off from the primary of coil A the current of battery L B, but causing it in a similar manner to traverse, by means of wires 9 and 2, the primary coil B through armature Z) and wire 2 connected with the trunnion thereof. The inverse impulse induced in the secondary of coil A by the shutting off from its primary of the current of battery L B causes armatures a and a to move over to their back contacts on the right and armatures c and 0 over to the left on their working contacts, while the impulse induced at the same time in the secondary of coil B tends to hold more strongly armatures b and b on their working contacts and armatures d and cl on their back contacts. The third, a positive impulse on the main line, throws armatures and 71 over onto their lefthand contacts, causing currentof battery L B to traverse the primary of coil 0 and shutting it oif from the primary of coil B, induces in the secondary thereof impulses causing armatures b and b to move to their right on their back contacts, armatures d and cl to strike their working contacts on the left, and also tending to hold more strongly against their working contacts armatures c and c, and also to hold more strongly against their back contacts armatures a and a. The fourth, a negative impulse on the main line, throws armatures t' and 1' against their right-hand contacts, shutting off the current of battery L B from the primary of coil 0 and causing it to traverse the primary of coil D, inducing in the secondaries thereof impulses causing armatures a and a and c and c to return to the positions indicated in the drawings, and tending to hold more firmly against their left-hand or working contacts armatures d and d, and also more firmly against their back contacts armatures b and b. Upon the cessation of this fourth impulse,whether immediately succeeded by another (positive) one or not, armature 11 returns to its normal position indicated in the drawings, shutting off current of battery L B from the primary of coilD, and thus inducing in the secondary thereof an i-mpulse causing armatures cl and cl and b and Z) to return to the positions shown in the drawings, ready for the next series of four impulses used in transmitting the next character.

By referring to Fig. 3 and the plan of lettering adopted therein, provision is made, it will be seen, in the same way for eight alternating impulses in each series, and that in the same wayv also provision can be made for any desired number.

Referring to'Fig. 2, arma'turesj and j have their working contacts to the left and armatures 7c and k have their working contacts to the right, while the split battery L B is connected on one side, as seen, with the trunnions of armatures j and 7c and on the other side with the trunnions of armatures 7c and j. Armatures j and j are arranged to respond only to positive impulses and armatures k and only to negative impulses. Armatures j and is are adjusted to respond to feeble battery impulses on the main line and armatures and k to respond only to the stronger battery impulses. Neither of the armatures j, j, 70 or k should respond to the induced impulses sent to line in the manner described to operate relay 1, whereby connections being made such as indicated by lines 3, 4t, 5, 6 and 7 it will be seen'that during the time of each one of the four transmitted impulsesviz. first, second, third and fourtheither one singly or both together or neither one respectively of the pairs of coils A B C and D may be placed in circuit with the battery L B.

Referring to Fig. 3, in this case armatures j and k are arranged to respond to the feeble and armatures j and 70 only to the stronger battery impulses on the main line. Armatures j and khave Working contacts on both sides of each, each armature resting normally against a contact connected with the split battery L B at points between the center and the extreme positive and negative sides thereof, to which respectively the left and right hand contacts of armatures j and 76' are connected, as seen, whereby it will be readily understood that connections being made by means of Wires 4, 5, and 7 during the time of the eight transmitted impulses in each series, in this case taken in their regular order, the coils A B C to H may be caused to be traversed or not, as desired, by either feeble or strong currents from battery LB, each one of such coils receiving, if at all, its impulse only when the corresponding main-line impulse is sent, and that no matter how often repeated the series of impulses may be, for which provision is made, corresponding impulses in each series will cause only corresponding coils to be energized, and such coils to be energized only when desired. By making connections such as indicated by dotted lines 10 and 11 and by omitting relays J and K and the portion of the main line M L contained between points x and 00, then it will be seen that the main-line impulses will be caused to traverse directly coils A B 0 to H instead of cans ing such coils to be traversed by relayed impulses or currents. It will also be readily seen that by omitting relays B, D, F, and H and their corresponding connections and substituting a neutral relay in place of relay I ITO and also a neutral relay in place of relay J, i

if used at all, and omitting also relay K, then every first, second, third and fourth mainline impulse, either directly or a local impulse relayed therefrom, will traverse respectively coils A C E G irrespective of the direction of such main-line impulses whether positive or negative.

Referring to Fig. 5, there are seen to the left armatures a, Z) cto 72 wires 4, 5 and 7, and also relays A B C to H any one, two or more or no one of which may be caused to be energized by feeble or strong battery impulses either from the main line or relayed and from a local battery in the manner shown in Fig. and already described. These relays A B C to H are similar to relays J K of Fig. 3 and have their armatures similarly adjusted and connected by a wire connecting their trunnions, as indicated; but instead of using this wire the insulation between the armatures can be dispensed with. In practice this is done; but the wire is shown in the drawings for the sake of elearness. Armatures a b c to 71 have their working contacts shown above them in the drawings and connected to a wire 29 from battery L B Armatures a b c to 71 have both their contacts working contacts, their upper contacts connected in each case with the coils of a relay lettered respectively A B G to H and their lower contacts to the coils of a relay lettered respectively A" B O to II, while the other ends of the coils of these relays A A B 13" C C" to H II are connected, as seen, with the wire 30, leading to the other side of battery L B whereby it will be seen that relay A will be energized from battery L B when both arm atures a and a of relay A are moved against their upper contact by a strong bat tery impulse actuating both of such armatures, and relay A will be energized only when armature a alone is moved against its upper contact by a weaker battery impulse insuflicient to operate armature a and that when neither of these armatures a or a is acted upon then neither of the relays A or A will be energized. In the same way either or neither of the relays B B C C to H H may be energized at the time of the second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh or eighth impulse, respectively. \Vires 31 and are connected, as seen, through a spring contact or switch 00 with the left-hand side of battery L 1 lVith wire 31 there is connected, as seen, the working contacts of armatures (L and a respectively of relays A and A and also the working contacts of armatures 9 g, h and h respectively of relays G G H and 11. These relays A A", G G", H and H" are similar to those already described, but have their arm atures adjusted to respond synchronously to currents of the same strength and direction. One end of the coils of relay A is connected with the trunnion of armature a while one end of the coils of relay A" is connected with the trunnion of armature a,

while the other ends of the coils of each of these relays is connected with wire 30, as already described, whereby it will be seen that relays A and A" when once energized are permanently retained in the circuit of batteryL B by means of their retaining-armatures respectively (L12 and a and their connections, already described, and in the same way, also, by similar connections, as seen, relays G G",

H and H when once energized may be retained in the circuit of battery L 13 Relays B 13 0 Q to F and F have one end of their coils connected, as seen, with a wire 40 connecting all the trunnions of such relays, while the wire 32 is connected with a retaining-contact rc to each of such relays, (but shown in the drawings only in connection with relay B and omitted from the others to avoid confusion.) Thus it will be seen that when any one of the relays B B" O C to F and F is energized it also is retained in its energizing-circuit of battery L B by means of its retaining-contact re and the connections described.

Fig. 6 shows in side view the essential features of one of the last-mentioned relays. They are of substantially the usual construction, as seen, except that a short cross-piece on the end of the armature-levers carries four contacts instead of one, each opposed to a spring-contact so, so that all may be certain of being struck at each throw of the armature, the retaining-contact 0'0 serving as a stop to limit the motion of the armature against the spring-contacts so, while any suitable spring and stop (not shown) may be used to produce and limit this motion in the opposite direction. Suitable stops and adjusting devices (not shown) maybe used also with spring-contacts so. From each of these spring-contacts so connection is made, as seen, through coils X with one of the wires 36, 37, 38 or 30. The upper spring-contacts of each of these relays are connected through their coils with wire 39, and the next spring-contacts below through their coils with wire 38, and the next one below that through theircoils with wire 37, and the lower ones through their coils with wire 36. Tires 30, 37, 3S and 39 are connected respectively with the working contacts of armatures g g 7L5 and If, while a wire etl makes a common connection, as seen, with the trunnions of these armatures and is also connected with battery L B on one side and from the other side of which connection is made with wire 40, whereby it will be seen that any one of the coils X (forty in number) may be placed in circuit of battery L B by the energizing of that one of the branch relays B B O C to F F with one of whose spring-contacts so the desired coil X has one of its terminals connected, and by the energizing of that one of relays G G, H and H with the wire leading from the working contact of the right-hand armature of which that same coil X is connected at its other end. Coils X and X have each one of their ends connected with one side of battery L B and have also their other ends connected with the working contacts respectively of armatures c0 and a, a common connection with the trunnions of which is made with the other side of battery L 13 as seen, whereby these coils X and X are caused to be energized by the current of battery L B by the operation respectively of relays A and A". Thus it will be seen that for each series of eight alternating impulses sent to line either one or neither of the coils X X may be energized and any desired one of coils X, and that such coils, so energized, may be retained in their energizing-circuit until the same has been broken by the opening of spring-switch 00 in the manner hereinafter explained.

Referring to Fig. 4, in that phase of my receiving apparatus therein shown only four alternating impulses are required on the main line to cause to be energized either one or neither of the coils X X and any desired one of twenty-seven coils X. In this case I make use of connections as follows, viz: WVire 29 is connected with the trunnion of armature a having working contacts on both sides thereof, its upper contact connected with the trunnion of armature a and its lower contact connected with the trunnion of armature a of the single-armatured polar-relay A Similar connections, as seen, are made in the case of relays 13 and B Relay A has one end of its coils connected with the upper working contact of armature a while its lower work ing contact is connected with one end of the coils of relay A and the working contact of armature a is connected with one end of the relay A The other ends of the coils of these .relays A, A and A are connected with wire 30. ire 4.2 makes a common connection be tween battery L B and the trunnions of armature a, a and a The working contact of armature a is connected with one end of the coils of each of relays A, A and A the working contact of armature a is connected with one end of the coils of each of relays A, A and A while the working contact of armature a is connected with one end of the coils of each of relays A", A and A The other ends of the coils of all these relays are connected with a wire 40, making a common connection with the trunnions of all of these relays and leading to battery L B The upper contact of armature b is connected by wire 43 with the coils of relays A, A and A", the lower contact of armature b by means of wire 44 with the coils of relays A A and A while the working contact of armature b is connected by wire 45 with the coils of relays A A and A.

When armature a is in the position shown in the drawings, the current of battery L B is caused to pass through armature a? to relay A. This occurs when the first impulse is an induced impulse only, causing only armature a to respond in the manner already described by the energizing of coils A in connection with Fig. 2. its upper contact by a weak battery impulse, not affecting armature a the current of battery L B passes through armature a to coils of relay A When armatures a and a are both moved by a stronger battery impulse on the main line to their upper contacts, then the current of battery L 13 passes to coils of relay A. In the same way the current of battery L B is, by means of relays B and B directed through wires 43, 44: and 45 to the coils of such one of relays A A and A as have been in the manner already described, by means of relays A", Atand A, connected to the other side of battery L B whereby it will be seen that any one of such relays A, A to A may be energized during the time of the first two main-line impulses. Armature c has its working contact connected with the trunnion of armature 0?, whose upper and lower working contacts respectively are connected with the coils of relays C and C, whereby such relays may be energized in the manner explained regarding relays A and A. By means of connections being made with wire 31 in this figure, substantially the same as those already described and shown in Fig. 3, relays A A A, O and O are retained in the circuit of battery L B By means of wires 32, 40 and 42 and retaining-contactsrc (one only of which is seen in the drawings) relays A A to A are also retained or may be retained, when once energized, in the circuit of battery L B WVire e1 connects battery L B with trunnion of armature d whose lower working contact is connected with the trunnion of armature (I while its upper contact is connected with the trunnion of armature d WVire 33 is connected with the upper and wire 34 with the lower contact of armature d while wire 35 is connected with the working contact of armature (Z Tires 33, 34 and 35 are con nected respectively with such ones of coils X as are connected to the upper, middle and lower spring-contacts so of relays A A to A whereby it will be seen that any desired one of coils X may be caused to be traversed by the current of battery L B while coils X and X are energized from this same battery in substantially the same manner as already described in regard to the same coils in Fig. 5. Relays A 13 and D are energized in the manner already described in regard to coils of the same letter in connection with Fig. 2. Thus it will be seen that, by means of four alternating impulses on the main line, of the nature and character already described, there may be selected any one of the twenty-seven coils X and either one or neither of coilsX X WVhat has thus far been shown and described applies to stations in permanent telegraphic connection; but when the receivingstation is a central station having a number of subscribers circuits connected therewith it is necessary to secure connection with the circuit of the subscriber it is desired to comm'unioate with. For this purpose a switching hen armature a is moved to invention.

device is necessary which shall be adapted to use in connection with my receiving-current distributor, and also to other features of my Such a switching device as shall be actuated from one or more of the keys of my transmitting-keyboard is desirable and forms an essential element of my present invention. Such aswitching'device is shown in Figs. 7 and S, to which reference is now made. At any central station when it is desirable to use my switching device it is preferable that that modification of my current-distributer shown in Fig. 3 and adapted to eight alternating impulses be used. The first four impulses I use to control one switching device and the second four to control another substantially the duplicate of the first. In that modification of my switching apparatus herein shown I make use of eight selecting disks or washers each controlled by a separate cam-plate; each of these cam-plates, eight in number, actuated from or by a spring-catch on a moving body; each of these spring-catches, also eight in number, normally prevented from engagin g such cam-plates by means of much weaker springs, also eight in number, and normally supported or backed by any suitable electrically-controlled device, such as a rod forming the core of a solenoid, and of these solenoids and cores also there are eight. In Fig. 7 for the sake of perspicuity I have shown only one of these solenoids q and its core g and also another core-rod (1 without its inclosing solen oid, and the two weaker sprin r backed by these rods (1 and only two of the stronger spring-catches r opposed to such sprin gs r and the two camplates g engaged by such catches r and also a third cam-plate q is seen in face view in the center of the figure. For the sake of perspicuity also, only two of the eight rods '22 are shown with the supporting-rollers '17, thereon. All of these parts omitted from the drawings are exact duplicates of the parts fully shown and hereinafter described. Referring to the drawings, N is a metallic ring pivotally secured in the notches at regular intervals in which are the pendulous bars N, falling in the notches therefor in the circular brass plates N and N exactly similar and held apart at a uniform distance by means of the rods 71, secured in holes therefor in the inner projections formed on plates N N Of these rods 17, there are eight, each one having loosely revolving thereon four grooved rollers it held in positions indicated in the drawings by means of collars on rods Supported by these rollers n and working in the grooves therein are seen the peripherallynotched washers a There being eight of these rods n and eight of these washers n and four of the rollers n on each red at, each washer n is revolubl y supported at four equidistant points by four rollers a.

A series of eight cam-plates q, each sliding vertically in holes therefor in plates N and N near their inner edges, is seen, each cam-plate having a differently-positioned cam-openin g,

so that each shall engage a small pin 011 the whereby each of these cam-plates q as it is raised causes a different one of washers H3 to be turned a fixed distance to the right. These plates q have L-shaped projections at their lower ends, engaged by the enlarged portion of disk (1 and by which they are, each one, after being raised, returned to their normal position shown in the drawings. Springs 1*, eight in number, are secured to projections formed on supporting-bars also eight in number and having projections thereon supporting cam-plates q, and the core-rods passing through holes therefor in the projections formed on the lower ends of such camplates and preventing springs r from being pushed outward by the stronger springs r on disk g as the same is raised by red Q These supporting-bars g are secured to under side of plate N The manner of notching out these washers n is as follows, viz: First, all of them are placed in their normal positions; then starting at any one notch in plates N N some one combination of three each of these eight washers n is turned around to the right by lifting their corresponding camplates q; then all of these washers a are notched out down to a straight line with the notches at that point in plates N N so that bottoms of such notches in the plates and washers shall lie in a straight line; then all the washers n are returned to their normal positions and a different combination of three thereof treated in the same way for the next notch in plates N N and so on until all of the notches have been milled out in this way, whereby it will be seen that for each com bination of three each of washers a being turned by raising cam-plates (1 one and only one of bars N will be allowed to pass into the bottoms of notches therefor in plates N N In Figs. 7 and 8 there are shown such parts only of my stitching apparatus as are necessary to illustrate the construction and operation of each part, while all unnecessary parts are removed. The bars and levers N, N N, and N are so jointed together that from the nature of the joints they naturally assume the positions indicated in the drawings and prevent levers N from falling any lower than shown. In this way each of the bars N is lightly pushed inward by gravity against the periphery of washers in. These washers n have their extreme peripheries arranged so as to form the frustum of a cone, such that the bars N shall bear equally against them all, and this pressure, whileinsufficient to prevent the movement of the washers 41 three at atimeby their cam-plates q, is yet sufficient to cause the bars N to enter the grooves in washers a when aligned for their reception.

It has already been explained how that, by my automatic current-distributer and its connections and by means of receiving appara- IIO " tus suchas shown and already described, 'for each transmitted impulse either one or neither one of two suitably-arranged coils maybe energized and retained in its energizin g-circuit; hence it follows that by means of four impulses any desired combination of eight coils, taken three at a time, may be so energized and retained, and that by means of eight impulses two such combinations may be selected in two diiferent series of eight coils each. Let, then, the solenoids q, eight in number, stand for one series of eight of such coils, and let d represent an armature, actuated in any of the methods already shown bythe fourth transmitted impulse, or at the time of such impulse, at which time also one of the above-named combinations of the solenoids q will of course have been energized, then armature cl being caused to occupy and retained in the position indicated in the drawings, the current of battery L B will be causedto traverse solenoid Q and in so doing taking the following course, viz: Wire 49, solenoid Q wire 48, armature d lower contact-pin of armature S of permanent magnet S, shown in contact therewith,) and wire 46, back to battery L B, thereby raising core-rod Q disk g springs r thereon, pushing out three of the springs 1" when the rods g have been raised, and thus engaging the corresponding cam-plates g and raising them and turning to the right three of the washers 02 and allowing one of the bars N to swing inward to the position indicated in dotted lines and carrying with it the horizontal lever N pivoted at the lower end thereof. Lever N is connected with the contactbar N pivoted near the upper end of bar N, by means of connecting-rod N This core-rod Q also carries with it disk g to the position (1 (Indicated in dotted lines.) This disk g has thereon the arm g with projections formed near its lower end engaging armature S, so that when disk (1 is carried upward it moves armature S to the position shown in dotted lines against its upper contact-pin, connected by wire with one end of solenoid Q, the other end of which is connected by wire 49 with battery L B", while wire 46 connects the other side of this battery with armature S, thus causing core-rod Q to return to position shown in drawings, and in so doing disk g by engaging lever N has forced contact-lever N 6 upward to the position indicated in dotted lines and in contact with contact-springs s s, where it is held by spring 3. After disk g has acted upon lever N then disk g by its enlarged portion forces downward to their normal position such of cam-plates q as have been raised by the upward movement of rod Q and thereby returning to their normal positions all of the notched washers an, the beveled or inclined surfaces on the back sides of the notches inthese washers carrying or forcing out to its normal position that one of bars N which has been allowed to swing inward. Vhen it is desired to disengage contact-lever N from contact-springs s s, then four induced impulses only are sent to line and armature d being actuated at the time of the fourth impulse, and rod Q is raised without moving any cam-plate g or washer 02 and hence no contact-bar N 6 will be moved, butthat one occupying a working position (indicated in dotted lines) is disengaged and moved therefrom to its normal position by disk q engaging the inner end of such bar N m whose use has already been explained, is opened by means of a projection 011 upper surface of disk q when rod Q is raised.

It has already been mentioned that that modification of my current-distrib uter shown in Fig. 3 should be used at a central station in connection with my automatic switching devices. These switching devices, as before stated, are in duplicatethat is, there are two of them exactly alike, except that while the contact-bars N are arranged to engage thirty-two springs s s in one in the other each bar N may engage only one spring 8, but in other respects they are exactly alike and operated in exactly the same way. For operating these switching devices, I make use of the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 showing only in outline the contact-pieces for the spacer-key and their connections. By means of switches S and S connected respectively with contact-pieces m and m either one of such contact-pieces may be connected with either or neither one of wires 14 and 15, while in the same way, by means of switches S and S contact-pieces m and m may be connected with either one or neither one of wires 17 and 18. Three only of the switches S S S and S are moved so as to send battery impulses to line by the depression of the spacer-key. By moving these switches in diiferent combination thereof of three each different bars N 6 may be selected and operated in the central-station switching apparatus.

Two depressions of the spacer-key, it will be understood, are required, one to control each section of my automatic switching device at the central station, and for each depression that combination of switches S S S and S is made, which shall cause to be energized, in the manner already described, the desired combination of solenoids q, thus selecting the desired bar N G in each switching apparatus.

For a fuller explanation of the apparatus and connections at a central station equipped according to my invention, reference is made to Fig. 18 and the plan of lettering therein shown. It has already been explained how that impulses on line M L, traversing relays I, J and K, cause the relays A B C to-H to be energized or not, as desired, by strong or weak currents from battery L B, and it has already been explained how that for each series of eight impulses on line M L, as desired, no one, any one, or any combination of two or more of such relays A B 0 &c.,

A spring-switch may be so energized. There are two of each of these relays A 13 G &c., arranged to be so energized in parallel, as seen, and also in parallel with relays D and H respectively a third relay D and 1-1 A battery L 13 by means of its connections with wires 4, 5, 7 5, 7 6 and '77, serves in the manner substantially the same as already eX- plained to keep or retain energized in its own circuit such ones of relays A B C 850., and relays D and H as have been energized from battery L 13 in the manner already describedthat is, such as have been energized by currents from battery L B-of sufficient strength to actuate their armatures. The

upper horizontal row of relays A B C, &c.,

are adjusted to respond only to the stronger impulses from battery L B, and the relays in the lower horizontal row are adjusted to respond to the weaker as well as the stronger impulses from this same battery. The lower armatures in each series of relays A B C &c., are located in the retaining-circuits of the battery L 13*, while the upper armatures of each pair of the same letter are connected in series, whereby when connections are made with battery L I, such as indicated by lines 78 and 79, according as the lower one, neither one or both of these relays of each. pair of the same letter throughout the series are energized, as desired, no one, any one, or any combination of two or more of the coils (1 maybe energized from the battery L B but it has already been explained in connection with Figs. 1 7, and 8 how that by means of the spacer-key and its connecting-switches such coils (1 may be energized in any desired combination thereof of three each in each of the series of eight thereof. As shown and already explained, relays D and H are energized, respectively, at the time of the fourth and eighth impulses on line M L, thus causing to be energized from battery L B, respectively, the coils Q of the left and right hand sections of my switching apparatus and thus operating the already at that time selected lever N of such left and right hand sections in the manner already explained in reference to Figs. 7 and 8, and as will be fully understood by comparison of the lettering in Figs. 7 and 18, and at the same time opening the switches m in the retaining-circuits of battery L B and thus restoring to their normal positions the armatures of relays A B 0 &c., and D and H.

In Fig. 18 only four local subscribers circuits are provided for, each entirely isolated at each end from that of any other subscriber. They may be arranged thus, or as indicated in Fig. 9, resulting in the simplified construction of one-half of my switching apparatus, already described. It will of course be readily understood that any one of the local subscribers stations connected by line M L to the central station may select and call up any other subscribers circuit and automatically connect therewith.

In practice each one of the local subscribers stations is normally in its own local circuit only and is disconnected therefrom and is connected with line M L by means of switches in the manner already well kn own in the art, and hence calling for no further illustration or description.

Referring to Fig. 9, let N and N represent the bars N respectively of the first and second sections of my switching apparatus, and M L the main line,in which switch S is nor mally moved to the right from the positions shown in the drawings, passing through coils of rel ys I, J and K and then to ground, as indicated. The desired bars N and N say the ones to the left in each case, having been selected and operated in the manner described, switch S is moved to the left, as seen in the drawings, either by the central-station attendant or in a manner similar to springswitch 00 by the second switching device, thus forming a shunt-circuit around the coils of relay I and at the same time causing the main line to pass through wires 50 and 51 and through the receiver .2 of the subscriber on that circuit. Only four of the bars N and only a part of four only of bars N are seen; but from what is shown and the plan of lettering adopted it will be seen that sixteen different local subscribers circuits are provided for and that when thirty-two bars such as N and also thirty-two such as N are used then one thousand and twenty-four different local subscribers circuits may be provided for. At the completion of a message to a local subscriber switch S is again moved to the right and contact-bars N and N returned to their normal position in the manner already described. There are also contained in each subscribers circuit other receivingcoils t, the effect of the main-line impulses thereon being neutralized by balancing-coils t, also located in such circuit. Any two such receiving-coils may be connected together by means of wires 88 89 and switch S and communication carried on between two local subscribers independent of the main-line impulses, and that, too, while either one is receiving a main-line message, the effect of main-line impulses on coils 73 being neutralized by the balancingcoil 6, through which the main-line impulses are also caused to pass. Obviously, still further connections are required in the case of subscribers whose circuits are in no wise connected by my switch ing apparatus. In such cases the usual connections are made.

I have herein shown and described only one phase of my switching device adapted to be used in connection with that arrangement of my transmitting apparatus to be employed with that phase of my receiving and selecting apparatus shown in Figs. 2 and 4; but when that arrangementof my receiving and selecting apparatus shown in Figs. 3 and 5 is employed a modification of my transmitting devices is required, which is considered too ob- 

